Monday, January 5, 2009

America Between the Wars or Founding Fathers

America Between the Wars: From 11/9 to 9/11: The Misunderstood Years Between the Fall of the Berlin Wall and the Start of the War on Terror

Author: Derek Chollet

When the Berlin Wall collapsed on November 9, 1989— signaling the end of the Cold War—America and the West declared victory: Democracy and free markets had prevailed and the United States emerged as the world's triumphant superpower. The finger-on-the-button tension that had defined a generation was over, and it seemed that peace was at hand.

The next twelve years rolled by in a haze of self-congratulation— what some now call a "holiday from history. "When that complacency shattered on September 11, 2001, setting the U.S. on a new and contentious path, confused Americans asked themselves: How did we get here?

In America Between The Wars, Derek Chollet and James Goldgeier examine how the decisions and debates of the years between the fall of the Wall on 11/9 and the collapse of the Twin Towers on 9/11 shaped the events, arguments, and politics of the world we live in today. Reflecting the authors' deep expertise and broad access to key players across the political spectrum, this book tells the story of a generation of leaders grappling with a moment of dramatic transformation—changing how we should think about the recent past, and uncovering important lessons for the future.

The New York Times - Michiko Kakutani

Mr. Chollet (who served in the State Department during the Clinton administration and who is now a senior fellow at the Center for a New American Security) and Mr. Goldgeier (a professor of political science and international affairs at George Washington University and a senior fellow at the Council on Foreign Relations) have written an astute and highly informed book, lucidly mapping the forces that have been reshaping the post-cold-war world as a clearly defined superpower rivalry between the United States and the Soviet Union has given way to a far more complex and chaotic set of circumstances involving terrorism, ethnic conflict and the integration of the global economy.

Kirkus Reviews

A nation becalmed becomes a nation adrift in this provocative study from the Council on Foreign Relations. When the Berlin Wall fell, triumphalist commentators declared that the United States and its lesser allies were suddenly free of history: Capitalism had won, peace was ubiquitous and America was the world's sole superpower. Lately, it seems as if the dozen years between the fall of communism and the al-Qaeda attacks of 9/11 mark a mere recess. The first Bush administration was not exactly inclined to that triumphalism, write analysts Chollet (The Road to the Dayton Accords: A Study of American Statecraft, 2005, etc.) and Goldgeier (Not Whether But When: The U.S. Decision to Enlarge NATO, 1999, etc.), though with the first Gulf War it would "try to turn [the Kuwait] crisis into the conceptual foundation of its post-Cold War foreign policy," the vaunted and now ethereal "new world order." This occasioned a sharp division between paleoconservatives such as Pat Buchanan and neoconservatives such as Dick Cheney, the former believing that America was a republic and not an empire, the latter that America's powerful military privileged the nation to tell the rest of the world how to behave. The Clinton administration was less inclined to commit forces abroad until its second term, when the president seems to have decided that he needed more medals on his legacy, while "his critics complained that the president was trying too hard and getting too involved and, as a result, frittering away the leverage that comes with more selective presidential engagement." Meanwhile, of course, other enemies were gathering, unleashing their fury on Bush II, who had campaigned sounding like an isolationistbut, come 2001, was ready to try on an empire for size-to, it is increasingly clear, tragic ends. A careful explication of why things are as they are, with all those old arguments continuing to sizzle and pop-suggestive and highly useful for those seeking to reshape policy in the near term. Agent: Larry Weissman/Larry Weissman Literary



Books about: Yoga in Focus or The Positive Psychology of Buddhism and Yoga

Founding Fathers: The Essential Guide to the Men Who Made America

Author: Encyclopaedia Britannica

An authoritative, accessible guide to the figures who shaped a nation


How did upstart colonists solidify the ideas celebrated in the Declaration of Independence and defeat the powerful British army? How did thinkers from disparate backgrounds shape a government that transformed modern politics? The Founding Fathers explains how, putting valuable information on this historic period at your fingertips—straight from one of the most trusted sources of information around the globe.

This comprehensive guide takes a compelling look at prominent statesmen such as Benjamin Franklin, Thomas Jefferson, Thomas Paine, and George Washington and lesser-known but influential leaders such as Samuel Chase, Charles Pinckney, and others. Alphabetized for easy reference, it also offers discussions of key issues, including slavery, the separation of powers, the presidency, and Deism and Christianity; events, such as the American Revolution, the Whiskey Rebellion, and the Louisiana Purchase; and documents, including the Constitution and the Bill of Rights. Every special essay and concise entry—from "Abigail Adams" to "George Wythe"—promotes the deeper understanding of the personalities, issues, and events that only Encyclop'dia Britannica can provide.

The book's balanced, fact-based coverage of the Founding Fathers is especially relevant today, when differing interpretations of their intent are used in debates over current policies. The Founding Fathers is the ideal resource for anyone looking to hone his or her knowledge of the fascinating figures who wrote the first chapter of U.S. history.



Table of Contents:
Note to the Reader     ix
Introduction   Joseph J. Ellis     1
Adams, Abigail     13
Adams, John     16
Adams, Samuel     26
Alien and Sedition Acts     29
American Revolution     30
Articles of Confederation     43
Bill of Rights     44
Blair, John     46
Burr, Aaron     47
Carroll, Charles     49
Chase, Samuel     50
Checks and Balances     51
Clark, Abraham     52
Constitution of the United States of America     53
Continental Congress     59
Dayton, Jonathan     61
Declaration of Independence     62
A Closer Look: The Founding Fathers and Slavery   Anthony Iaccarino     66
Democratic-Republican Party     70
Dickinson, John     72
Federalist Papers     73
Federalist Party     75
Franklin, Benjamin     77
French and Indian War     92
Gerry, Elbridge     94
Gwinnett, Button     95
Hale, Nathan     96
Hamilton, Alexander     96
Hancock, John     106
Henry, Patrick     107
Hopkinson, Francis     110
Intolerable Acts     111
Jay, John     112
Jay Treaty     114
Jefferson, Thomas     115
A Closer Look: The Jefferson-Hemings Paternity Debate   Joseph J. Ellis     137
King, Rufus     141
Lee, Richard Henry     142
Livingston, Robert R.     143
Louisiana Purchase     144
Madison, Dolley     147
Madison, James     151
Marshall, John     158
Mason, George     164
Middleton, Arthur     166
Monroe, James     166
Morris, Gouverneur     173
Morris, Robert     175
Paine, Robert Treat     176
Paine, Thomas     176
A Closer Look: The Founding Fathers, Deism, and Christianity   David L. Holmes     181
Paris, Treaty of     185
Paterson, William     186
Pinckney, Charles     187
Pinckney, Charles Cotesworth     188
Rodney, Caesar     189
Rush, Benjamin     190
Rutledge, John      192
Separation of Powers     193
Shays's Rebellion     194
Sherman, Roger     194
Stamp Act     195
Townshend Acts     196
Washington, George     197
A Closer Look: The Presidency of the United States of America   Forrest McDonald     229
Whiskey Rebellion     238
Wilson, James     239
Witherspoon, John     240
Wolcott, Oliver     241
Wythe, George     241
Bibliography     243
Photo Credits     259

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